AIM: To investigate the etiology of esophageal cancer among Taiwanese women. METHODS: This is a multi-center, hospital-based, case-control study. Case patients consisted of women who were newly diagnosed and pathology-proven to have esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) from three large medical centers (one from Northern and two from Southern Taiwan, respectively) between August 2000 and December 2008. Each ESCC patient was matched with 4 healthy women based on age (within 3 years) and hospital of origin, from the Department of Preventive Medicine in each hospital. A total of 51 case patients and 204 controls, all women, were studied. RESULTS: Frequencies of smokers and drinkers among ESCC patients were 19.6% and 21.6%, respectively, which were significantly higher than smokers (4.4%) and drinkers (4.4%) among controls (OR = 4.07, 95% CI: 1.36-12.16, P = 0.01; OR = 3.55, 95% CI: 1.03-12.27, P = 0.04). Women who drank an amount of alcohol more than 158 g per week had a 20.58-fold greater risk (95% CI: 1.72-245.62, P = 0.02) of ESCC than those who never drank alcohol after adjusting for other covariates, although the sample size was small. CONCLUSION: Cigarette smoking and alcohol drinking, especially heavy drinking, are the major risks for developing ESCC in Taiwanese women.
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机译：目的：调查台湾女性食管癌的病因。方法：这是一项基于医院的多中心病例对照研究。病例患者包括2000年8月至2008年12月间来自三个大型医疗中心（分别来自北部和南部两个台湾地区）的新诊断并经病理证实患有食管鳞状细胞癌（ESCC）的妇女。根据年龄（3岁以内）和原籍医院的不同，从每家医院的预防医学系中匹配了4名健康女性。总共研究了51名病例患者和204名对照，均为女性。结果：ESCC患者的吸烟者和饮酒者的频率分别为19.6％和21.6％，显着高于对照组中的吸烟者（4.4％）和饮酒者（4.4％）（OR = 4.07，95％CI：1.36-12.16， P = 0.01; OR = 3.55，95％CI：1.03-12.27，P = 0.04）。每周饮酒量超过158克的女性比经其他协变量调整后从未饮酒的女性罹患ESCC的风险高20.58倍（95％CI：1.72-245.62，P = 0.02）。尺寸很小。结论：吸烟和饮酒，尤其是大量饮酒，是台湾女性发展ESCC的主要风险。
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