New insights into the role of HIV infection on cancer risk.

摘要

Early in the HIV epidemic, it became evident that infected individuals also had a higher risk of Kaposi's sarcoma, non-Hodgkin lymphoma, and invasive cervical cancer, which are considered AIDS-defining cancers. Data from the ageing cohort of individuals infected with HIV in developed countries now show an increased risk of non-AIDS-defining cancers (NADCs) in this group, including anal cancer, Hodgkin's lymphoma, liver cancer, lung cancer, and others.1 The increased risk of these cancers might partly be due to a higher prevalence of smoking, alcohol use, or underlying viral co-infections in those with HIV. Cancer risk could also be associated with consequences of HIV infection, such as immunodeficiency and inflammation. Investigating the causes of the increased risk of NADCs is difficult because of the large populations and individual data required.