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Influence of a high-fat diet on gut microbiota, intestinal permeability and metabolic endotoxaemia.

机译:高脂饮食对肠道菌群,肠道通透性和代谢性内毒素血症的影响。

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Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) may play an important role in chronic diseases through the activation of inflammatory responses. The type of diet consumed is of major concern for the prevention and treatment of these diseases. Evidence from animal and human studies has shown that LPS can diffuse from the gut to the circulatory system in response to the intake of high amounts of fat. The method by which LPS move into the circulatory system is either through direct diffusion due to intestinal paracellular permeability or through absorption by enterocytes during chylomicron secretion. Considering the impact of metabolic diseases on public health and the association between these diseases and the levels of LPS in the circulatory system, this review will mainly discuss the current knowledge about high-fat diets and subclinical inflammation. It will also describe the new evidence that correlates gut microbiota, intestinal permeability and alkaline phosphatase activity with increased blood LPS levels and the biological effects of this increase, such as insulin resistance. Although the majority of the studies published so far have assessed the effects of dietary fat, additional studies are necessary to deepen the understanding of how the amount, the quality and the structure of the fat may affect endotoxaemia. The potential of food combinations to reduce the negative effects of fat intake should also be considered in future studies. In these studies, the effects of flavonoids, prebiotics and probiotics on endotoxaemia should be investigated. Thus, it is essential to identify dietetic strategies capable of minimising endotoxaemia and its postprandial inflammatory effects
机译:脂多糖(LPS)可能通过激活炎症反应在慢性疾病中发挥重要作用。饮食的种类是预防和治疗这些疾病的主要关注点。动物和人体研究的证据表明,脂多糖可以响应于摄入大量脂肪而从肠道扩散到循环系统。 LPS进入循环系统的方法是通过肠道旁细胞通透性引起的直接扩散或乳糜微粒分泌过程中肠细胞的吸收。考虑到代谢性疾病对公共卫生的影响以及这些疾病与循环系统中LPS含量之间的关系,本文将主要讨论有关高脂饮食和亚临床炎症的最新知识。它还将描述将肠道菌群,肠道通透性和碱性磷酸酶活性与血液LPS水平升高以及这种升高的生物学效应(例如胰岛素抵抗)相关的新证据。尽管迄今为止发表的大多数研究都评估了膳食脂肪的作用,但仍需要进行其他研究以加深对脂肪含量,质量和结构如何影响内毒素血症的认识。在未来的研究中还应考虑食物组合减少脂肪摄入负面影响的潜力。在这些研究中,应研究类黄酮,益生元和益生菌对内毒素血症的影响。因此,确定能够最小化内毒素血症及其餐后炎症影响的饮食策略至关重要

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