Quality and typicity of wines from wine - growing regions of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil effect of agronomical characteristics of the vine.

摘要

The Brazilian production of fine wines is located more intensively in the South of the country, in the State of Rio Grande do Sul. In this state, one traditional area - the Serra Gaucha, and two new areas - the Serra do Sudeste (Southeast Sierra) and the Campanha, are the origins of fine wine production. These new areas are still not well characterized with regard to their viticultural and oenological potential. The objective of this research was to evaluate the relationships between the characteristics of the grapevines and of their grapes, and the quality and typicity of the wines produced in these 3 areas. A set of experimental plots was established, using the same rootstock, in the following terroirs: Serra Gaucha (located on Vale dos Vinhedos Geographical Indication), Serra do Sudeste (Pinheiro Machado), and Campanha (Santana do Livramento). Each experimental plot was established and evaluated during 4 growing cycles, taking into account agronomic variables and measuring the quality of the grapes. Wines made by microvinification were evaluated. Grape quality and wine quality were positively correlated. Also, the quality and typicity identified through sensory analysis of the wines were associated with grape sugar content, except in the case of the red wines from Campanha (which is classified as Sub-humid by the Dryness Index, and Warm by the Heliothermal Index of Huglin), in which the pH and titratable acidity of grapes seemed to play an important role in wine composition. In the Serra Gaucha (Humid region according to the Dryness Index, and Temperate Warm to the Heliothermal Index of Huglin), yield and vine vigour were negatively associated with the quality and typicity of the wines..