Communicative characteristics of teachers’ mathematical talk with children: from knowledge transfer to knowledge investigation

摘要

In-service teachers actively collaborated in a developmental research project. The main aim of the research project was the advancement of one central aspect of teacher professionalism: teachers’ diagnostic competencies. Conditions of understanding and possibilities of enriching teachers’ talk are of special interest because mathematics teaching is particularly affected by speech and communication (S?bbeke and Steinbring in Mathematik für Kinder—Mathematik von Kindern, pp. 26–38, 2004). One research focus was on the support of a productive enhancement of the teachers’ talk with one child. Is the teacher’s talk mainly a kind of knowledge transfer similar to traditional instruction or can it be seen as an investigation of the child’s own views and ideas of elementary mathematical knowledge? These teachers’ talks with one child should offer more reflective communication between teacher and child and result in a changed view of the child’s mathematical understanding. Using an elaborate interpretation based on a theoretical instrument of analysis, called “Forms of teachers’ mathematical Interaction (Formal-In)”, we describe the development from the first diagnostic talk with one child, at the beginning to the last talk at the end of the research project. Using an elaborate analysis of short episodes of teachers’ talk distinguishing the interactive and the epistemological dimensions, we can describe how both dimensions influence each other. The theoretically identified characteristics of teachers’ talk together with compatible video cases can be used in theory-based (in-service) teacher training aimed at enhancing professionalism.