All-Inorganic Halide Perovskite Nanocrystals: Future Prospects and Challenges to Go Lead Free

摘要

All-inorganic halide perovskite (IHP) materials have shown superior stabilitybut the performance is still a bottleneck for commercial applications. Hence,extensive attention is given to IHP-based photovoltaics, light-emitting diodes(LEDs), and photodetection applications to procure the advantage of stabilitywithout compromising the efficiencies. Plenty of reviews have been reported sofar where emphasis is given to a particular aspect such as synthesis, stability,application, or toxicity. However, synthesis, stability, and performance are the keyaspects for all three major optoelectronic applications. Hence, it is necessaryto bring all the recent pioneering works together from three inter-relatedoptoelectronic applications. The detailed discussions on their synthesis, devicearchitecture, performances, and stability of three applications are helpful forbetter understanding of the challenges. The toxicity of Pb is another issue tosolve, especially in the present scenario of environmental crisis. Herein, theperformances of lead and lead-free IHP devices are presented in a comparativemanner to outline the future prospects and narrow down the several challengesto shift toward a completely Pb-free regime. Apart from three mainstreamapplications, other promising applications are pointed out with a brief discussionon their future potentials.