Lead‐Free Metal Halide Perovskite Nanocrystals: Challenges, Applications, and Future Aspects

Ghosh S.; Pradhan B.

摘要

Abstract > Lead halide perovskite materials have shown strong promise in energy harvesting and generation over the past five years. However, their poor ambient stability and lead toxicity issues hinder optoelectronic applications. In the quest for alternatives, metal halide perovskites with lower toxicity and more stable metals have recently emerged. The divalent Pb 2+ could be replaced with isoelectronic Sn 2+ , but Sn 2+ tends to oxidize rapidly in presence of air to Sn 4+ , forming a defect in the structure. However, Sn 2+ ‐based perovskites have been stabilized in 2D structures. Recently Sn 4+ based halide perovskites nanocrystals with have been reported with poor luminescence. The replacement of Pb 2+ with isoelectronic trivalent elements (Sb 3+ , Bi 3+ ) results in A <sub>3</sub> B <sub>2</sub> X <sub>9</sub> type defect‐order perovskite structure, which shows promises for optoelectronic applications. The perovskite nanocrystals of Sb, Bi have been reported in the form of dimers and layered structures. In addition to these, double perovskites, where two divalent Pb 2+ are replaced with a monovalent and a trivalent cation have been reported very recently. In this Focus Review, we give a brief summary of different non‐lead perovskite nanocrystals starting from synthesis, characterization, stability, properties to applications, along with potential future directions. </abstract> </span> <span class="z_kbtn z_kbtnclass hoverxs" style="display: none;">展开▼</span> </div> <div class="translation abstracttxt"> <span class="zhankaihshouqi fivelineshidden" id="abstract"> <span>机译：</span><Abstract Type =“Main”XML：Lang =“en”> <标题类型=“main”>抽象</ title> > 铅卤化铅钙钛矿材料在过去五年中表现出强烈的能源收获和一代。然而，它们差的环境稳定性和铅毒性问题妨碍了光电应用。在寻求替代方案中，最近出现了具有较低毒性和更稳定的金属的金属卤化物钙酸盐。二价PB. 2 + </ sup> 可以用异形的sn代替 2 + </ sup> ，但是sn 2 + </ sup> 倾向于在空气存在下迅速氧化 4 + </ sup> ，在结构中形成缺陷。但是，SN. 2 + </ sup> - 基于2D结构稳定的钙质。最近sn 4 + </ sup> 基于基于卤化物钙酸盐纳米晶与发光差。更换PB 2 + </ sup> 用异形三价元素（SB 3 + </ sup> ，BI 3 + </ sup> ）结果是一个 <sub> 3 </ sub> B. <sub> 2 </ sub> X <sub> 9 </ sub> 型缺陷级普罗夫斯库特结构，显示了光电应用的承诺。以二聚体和层状结构的形式报道了Sb，Bi的钙钛矿纳米晶体。除了这些，双重植物，其中两个二价PB 2 + </ sup> 被单价取代，最近据报告三价阳离子。在这一焦点审查中，我们简要概述不同的非引导钙钛矿纳米晶体从合成，表征，稳定性，应用程序的特性以及潜在的未来方向。 </ p> </摘要> </span> <span class="z_kbtn z_kbtnclass hoverxs" style="display: none;">展开▼</span> </div> </div> <div class="record"> <h2 class="all_title" id="enpatent33" >著录项</h2> <ul> <li> <span class="lefttit">来源</span> <div style="width: 86%;vertical-align: text-top;display: inline-block;"> <a href='/journal-foreign-16168/'>《ChemNanoMat》</a> <b style="margin: 0 2px;">|</b><span>2019年第3期</span><b style="margin: 0 2px;">|</b><span>共13页</span> </div> </li> <li> <div class="author"> <span class="lefttit">作者</span> <p id="fAuthorthree" class="threelineshidden zhankaihshouqi"> <a href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=Ghosh S.&option=202" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">Ghosh S.;</a> <a href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=Pradhan B.&option=202" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">Pradhan B.;</a> </p> <span class="z_kbtnclass z_kbtnclassall hoverxs" id="zkzz" style="display: none;">展开▼</span> </div> </li> <li> <div style="display: flex;"> <span class="lefttit">作者单位</span> <div style="position: relative;margin-left: 3px;max-width: 639px;"> <div class="threelineshidden zhankaihshouqi" id="fOrgthree"> <p>School of Materials ScienceIndian Association for the Cultivation of Science JadavpurKolkata 700032 India;</p> <p>Centre for Advanced MaterialsIndian Association for the Cultivation of ScienceJadavpur Kolkata 700032 India;</p> </div> <span class="z_kbtnclass z_kbtnclassall hoverxs" id="zhdw" style="display: none;">展开▼</span> </div> </div> </li> <li > <span class="lefttit">收录信息</span> <span style="width: 86%;vertical-align: text-top;display: inline-block;"></span> </li> <li> <span class="lefttit">原文格式</span> <span>PDF</span> </li> <li> <span class="lefttit">正文语种</span> <span>eng</span> </li> <li> <span class="lefttit">中图分类</span> <span><a href="https://www.zhangqiaokeyan.com/clc/1676.html" title="工程材料学">工程材料学;</a></span> </li> <li class="antistop"> <span class="lefttit">关键词</span> <p style="width: 86%;vertical-align: text-top;"> <a style="color: #3E7FEB;" href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=perovskites&option=203" rel="nofollow">perovskites;</a> <a style="color: #3E7FEB;" href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=lead-free&option=203" rel="nofollow">lead-free;</a> <a style="color: #3E7FEB;" href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=solar cells&option=203" rel="nofollow">solar cells;</a> <a style="color: #3E7FEB;" href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=LEDs&option=203" rel="nofollow">LEDs;</a> <a style="color: #3E7FEB;" href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=exciton dynamics&option=203" rel="nofollow">exciton dynamics;</a> </p> <div class="translation"> 机译：Perovskites;无铅;太阳能电池;LED;Exciton动态; </div> </li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="literature cardcommon" id="literaturereference" style="display:none"> <div class="similarity "> <h3 class="all_title" id="enpatent111">引文网络</h3> <div class="referencetab clearfix"> <ul id="referencedaohang"> <li dataid="referenceul">参考文献</li> <li dataid="citationul">引证文献</li> <li dataid="commonreferenceul">共引文献</li> <li dataid="commoncitationul">同被引文献</li> <li dataid="tworeferenceul">二级参考文献</li> <li dataid="twocitationul">二级引证文献</li> </ul> </div> <div class="reference_details" id="referenceList"> <ul id="referenceul"></ul> <ul id="citationul"></ul> <ul id="commonreferenceul"></ul> <ul id="commoncitationul"></ul> <ul id="tworeferenceul"></ul> <ul id="twocitationul"></ul> </div> </div> </div> <div class="literature cardcommon"> <div class="similarity "> <h3 class="all_title" id="enpatent66">相似文献</h3> <div class="similaritytab clearfix"> <ul> <li class="active" >外文文献</li> <li >中文文献</li> <li >专利</li> </ul> </div> <div class="similarity_details"> <ul > <li> <div> <b>1. </b><a class="enjiyixqcontent" href="/journal-foreign-detail/0704022089149.html">Lead‐Free Metal Halide Perovskite Nanocrystals: Challenges, Applications, and Future Aspects</a> <b>[J]</b> . <span> <a href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=Ghosh S.&option=202" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="tuijian_auth tuijian_authcolor">Ghosh S.,</a> <a href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=Pradhan B.&option=202" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="tuijian_auth tuijian_authcolor">Pradhan B. </a> <a href="/journal-foreign-16168/" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="tuijian_authcolor">ChemNanoMat .</a> <span>2019</span><span>,第3期</span> </span> </div> <p class="zwjiyix translation" style="max-width: initial;height: auto;word-break: break-all;white-space: initial;text-overflow: initial;overflow: initial;"> <span>机译：无铅金属卤化物钙钛矿纳米晶体：挑战，应用和未来方面</span> </p> </li> <li> <div> <b>2. </b><a class="enjiyixqcontent" href="/academic-journal-foreign_advanced-materials_thesis/0204113437953.html">From Lead Halide Perovskites to Lead-Free Metal Halide Perovskites and Perovskite Derivatives</a> <b>[J]</b> . <span> <a href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=Xiao Zewen&option=202" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="tuijian_auth tuijian_authcolor">Xiao Zewen,</a> <a href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=Song Zhaoning&option=202" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="tuijian_auth tuijian_authcolor">Song Zhaoning,</a> <a href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=Yan Yanfa&option=202" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="tuijian_auth tuijian_authcolor">Yan Yanfa </a> <a href="/journal-foreign-1128/" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="tuijian_authcolor">Advanced Materials .</a> <span>2019</span><span>,第47期</span> </span> </div> <p class="zwjiyix translation" style="max-width: initial;height: auto;word-break: break-all;white-space: initial;text-overflow: initial;overflow: initial;"> <span>机译：从卤化铅钙钛矿到无铅金属卤化物钙钛矿和钙钛矿衍生物</span> </p> </li> <li> <div> <b>3. </b><a class="enjiyixqcontent" href="/journal-foreign-detail/0704025790722.html">Lead-Free Metal Halide Perovskites and Perovskite Derivatives as an Environmentally Friendly Emitter for Light-Emitting Device Applications</a> <b>[J]</b> . <span> <a href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=Ma Zhuangzhuang&option=202" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="tuijian_auth tuijian_authcolor">Ma Zhuangzhuang,</a> <a href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=Wang Lintao&option=202" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="tuijian_auth tuijian_authcolor">Wang Lintao,</a> <a href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=Ji Xinzhen&option=202" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="tuijian_auth tuijian_authcolor">Ji Xinzhen,</a> <a href="/journal-foreign-35545/" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="tuijian_authcolor">Journal of physical chemistry letters .</a> <span>2020</span><span>,第14期</span> </span> </div> <p class="zwjiyix translation" style="max-width: initial;height: auto;word-break: break-all;white-space: initial;text-overflow: initial;overflow: initial;"> <span>机译：无铅金属卤化物钙锌矿和钙钛矿衍生物作为一种用于发光器件应用的环保发射器</span> </p> </li> <li> <div> <b>4. </b><a class="enjiyixqcontent" href="/academic-conference-foreign_meeting-207116_thesis/020514235674.html">Terahertz Optical Characteristics of Organometallic Lead-Iodide (Bromide) Perovskites and Cesium Lead Halide Nanocrystals</a> <b>[C]</b> . <span> <a href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=A.V. 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