Application of the PRECEDE Model for controlling iron-deficiency anemia among children aged 1 -5, Kerman, Iran

摘要

L'anémie ferriprive est l'un des problèmes nutritionnels les plus courants dans le monde. En République islamique (RI) d'Iran, environ 30 à 50 pour cent des femmes et des enfants présentent ce type d'anémie. Le but de cette étude était de déterminer les effets de l'application du modèle d'éducation PRECEDE comme cadre de référence pour lutter contre l'anémie chez les enfants âgés de 1 à 5 ans. Cent soixante enfants appartenant à cette tranche d'âge et diagnostiqués comme étant à l'un des trois stades de développement de cette anémie, de même que leur mère, ont participé à cette étude. Les sujets ont été répartis au hasard dans quatre groupes : Ⅰ) éducation traditionnelle,Ⅱ) suppléments en fer, ?) Modèle PRECEDE, et Ⅳ) un groupe de contrôle qui a reçu les soins habituels du centre de santé. La collecte des données incluait l'utilisation de questionnaires, l'observation (examen physique) et des entretiens, ainsi que des pre- et posttests (les tests préalables ayant eu lieu quatre mois avant l'intervention).%Iron-deficiency anemia (IDA) is one of the most common nutritional problems in the world. In the Islamic Republic (IR) of Iran, about 30 to 50 percent of women and children have I DA. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of applying the PRECEDE educational model as a framework for controlling IDA among children aged one to five years old. One hundred and sixty children, aged one to five years, who were diagnosed as belonging to one of the unhealthy three stages of IDA, along with their mothers, participated in the study. The study subjects were divided randomly into four groups: Ⅰ) Traditional educational, Ⅱ) Iron supplementation, Ⅲ)PRECEDE Model, and, Ⅳ)a control group who received the usual health center care. Data collection included use of questionnaires, observation (physical examination) and interviews, and pre-and post-tests (the former was conducted four months prior to the intervention). The research results demonstrated that mean scores of the knowledge and attitudes of mothers about controlling IDA were increased significantly in Group Ⅰ and Group Ⅲ, but, the changes in Group Ⅲ were greater than in the other groups. A comparison of IDA stages in the three groups indicated that the rate of recovery was significantly different (p<0.0001). Group differences were: Group Ⅰ 40.5%, Group Ⅱ 50%, and Group Ⅲ 82.5%; Group Ⅲ had the highest changes. Therefore, the PRECEDE Model education program was more effective in modifying nutritional behaviors of mothers in order to control the IDA of their children.