Charge transfer inefficiency increase of the CCD detector induced by proton and neutron irradiations

摘要

Charge transfer inefficiency (CTI) is one of the most important parameters to evaluate the performance of a CCD detector caused by displacement damages. In order to help the users to know about the CTI increase of the CCD detectors for applications in particle detection or space applications, the CTI increase caused by proton and neutron irradiations are presented. The proton radiation experiments were carried out at a cyclotron accelerator with 60 MeV protons to the fluences of 3×10~(10), 5×l0~(10), and 7×l0~(10) p/cm2. The neutron radiation experiments were carried out at the back-streaming white neutrons at China Spallation Neutron Source (CSNS) and at Xi'an pulse reactor (XAPR). The neutron fluences range from 1×10~(11) to 1×10~(12) n/cm~2. The CTIs are quantitatively compared at two signal levels of saturation and half saturation illuminations. The annealing tests after irradiations are also performed to observe the recovery of the degradations. The quantitative comparisons of the CTI increase induced by proton or neutron irradiations before and after annealing are also presented. The CTI increase induced by proton and neutron irradiations is characterized in detail.