Organizational change: A Review of theory and Research in the 1990s

摘要

This review selectively examines the theoretical and empirical organizational change literature over the past nine years (1990-early 1998). Four research themes or issues common to all change efforts are discussed: (a) content issues, which largely focus on the substance of contemporary organizational changes: (b) contextual issues, which principally focus on forces or conditions existing in an organization's external and internal environments; (c) process issues, which address actions undertaken during the enactment of an intended change, and (d) criterion issues, which deal with outcomes commonly assessed in or- ganizational change efforts.