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Emulation of Physician Tasks in Eye-Tracked Virtual Reality for Remote Diagnosis of Neurodegenerative Disease

机译:眼动虚拟现实中医师任务的仿真,用于神经退行性疾病的远程诊断

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For neurodegenerative conditions like Parkinson's disease, early and accurate diagnosis is still a difficult task. Evaluations can be time consuming, patients must often travel to metropolitan areas or different cities to see experts, and misdiagnosis can result in improper treatment. To date, only a handful of assistive or remote methods exist to help physicians evaluate patients with suspected neurological disease in a convenient and consistent way. In this paper, we present a low-cost VR interface designed to support evaluation and diagnosis of neurodegenerative disease and test its use in a clinical setting. Using a commercially available VR display with an infrared camera integrated into the lens, we have constructed a 3D virtual environment designed to emulate common tasks used to evaluate patients, such as fixating on a point, conducting smooth pursuit of an object, or executing saccades. These virtual tasks are designed to elicit eye movements commonly associated with neurodegenerative disease, such as abnormal saccades, square wave jerks, and ocular tremor. Next, we conducted experiments with 9 patients with a diagnosis of Parkinson's disease and 7 healthy controls to test the system's potential to emulate tasks for clinical diagnosis. We then applied eye tracking algorithms and image enhancement to the eye recordings taken during the experiment and conducted a short follow-up study with two physicians for evaluation. Results showed that our VR interface was able to elicit five common types of movements usable for evaluation, physicians were able to confirm three out of four abnormalities, and visualizations were rated as potentially useful for diagnosis.
机译:对于帕金森氏病等神经退行性疾病,早期和准确的诊断仍然是一项艰巨的任务。评估可能很耗时,患者必须经常去大都市地区或其他城市去看专家,而误诊会导致治疗不当。迄今为止,只有少数辅助或远程方法可以帮助医生以方便且一致的方式评估可疑神经系统疾病患者。在本文中,我们提出了一种低成本的VR接口,旨在支持神经退行性疾病的评估和诊断,并测试其在临床中的用途。我们使用市售的VR显示器(将红外摄像机集成到镜头中)构建了一个3D虚拟环境,该环境旨在模拟用于评估患者的常见任务,例如固定在某个点上,平稳地跟踪物体或执行扫视运动。这些虚拟任务旨在引起通常与神经退行性疾病相关的眼球运动,例如异常扫视,方波抽搐和眼震。接下来,我们对9位诊断为帕金森氏病的患者和7位健康对照进行了实验,以测试该系统模拟临床诊断任务的潜力。然后,我们将眼动追踪算法和图像增强技术应用于实验过程中获得的眼动记录,并与两名医生进行了简短的随访研究以进行评估。结果表明,我们的VR界面能够引发可用于评估的五种常见运动类型,医生能够确认四分之三的异常,并且可视化被认为对诊断很有用。

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