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CMOS Image Sensor and System for Imaging Hemodynamic Changes in Response to Deep Brain Stimulation

机译:用于响应脑深部刺激的血流动力学变化的CMOS图像传感器和系统

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摘要

Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is a therapeutic intervention used for a variety of neurological and psychiatric disorders, but its mechanism of action is not well understood. It is known that DBS modulates neural activity which changes metabolic demands and thus the cerebral circulation state. However, it is unclear whether there are correlations between electrophysiological, hemodynamic and behavioral changes and whether they have any implications for clinical benefits. In order to investigate these questions, we present a miniaturized system for spectroscopic imaging of brain hemodynamics. The system consists of a 144 144, pixel pitch, high-sensitivity, analog-output CMOS imager fabricated in a standard CMOS process, along with a miniaturized imaging system comprising illumination, focusing, analog-to-digital conversion and card based data storage. This enables stand alone operation without a computer, nor electrical or fiberoptic tethers. To achieve high sensitivity, the pixel uses a capacitive transimpedance amplifier (CTIA). The nMOS transistors are in the pixel while pMOS transistors are column-parallel, resulting in a fill factor (FF) of 26%. Running at 60 fps and exposed to 470 nm light, the CMOS imager has a minimum detectable intensity of , a maximum signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of 49 dB at leading to a dynamic range (DR) of 61 dB while consuming fr- m a 3.3 V supply. In anesthetized rats, the system was able to detect temporal, spatial and spectral hemodynamic changes in response to DBS.
机译:深部脑刺激(DBS)是一种用于多种神经系统疾病和精神疾病的治疗性干预措施,但其作用机理尚未完全了解。众所周知,DBS调节神经活动,从而改变代谢需求,进而改变大脑循环状态。然而,目前尚不清楚电生理,血液动力学和行为变化之间是否存在相关性,以及它们是否对临床益处有影响。为了调查这些问题,我们提出了脑血流动力学光谱成像的小型化系统。该系统包括以标准CMOS工艺制造的144 144,像素间距,高灵敏度,模拟输出CMOS成像器,以及包括照明,聚焦,模数转换和基于卡的数据存储的小型化成像系统。这样就可以在没有计算机的情况下进行独立操作,也无需电或光纤连接。为了实现高灵敏度,像素使用电容跨阻放大器(CTIA)。 nMOS晶体管在像素中,而pMOS晶体管是列平行的,因此填充因子(FF)为26%。 CMOS成像仪以60 fps的速度运行并暴露于470 nm的光线下,其最低可检测强度为49 dB,最大信噪比(SNR)为49 dB,从而导致动态范围(DR)为61 dB,而-3.3 V电源。在麻醉的大鼠中,该系统能够检测对DBS的时间,空间和频谱血流动力学变化。

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