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Graceful Convergence in Link-State IP Networks: A Lightweight Algorithm Ensuring Minimal Operational Impact

机译:链路状态IP网络中的平滑收敛:确保最小操作影响的轻量级算法

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The use of real-time multimedia or mission-critical applications over IP networks puts strong pressure on service providers to operate disruption-free networks. However, after any topological change, link-state Interior Gateway Protocols (IGPs), such as IS-IS or OSPF, enter a convergence phase during which transient forwarding loops may occur. Such loops increase the network latency and cause packet losses. In this paper, we propose and evaluate an efficient algorithm aimed at avoiding such traffic disruptions without modifying these IGPs. In case of an intentional modification of the weight of a link (e.g., to shut it down for maintenance operations or to perform traffic engineering), our algorithm iteratively changes this weight, splitting the modification into a sequence of loop-free transitions. The number of weight increments that need to be applied on the link to reach its target state is minimized in order to remain usable in existing networks. Analysis performed on inferred and real Internet service provider (ISP) topologies shows that few weight increments are required to handle most link shutdown events (less than two intermediate metrics for more than 85% of the links). The evaluation of our implementation also reveals that these minimal sequences can be computed in a reasonable time.
机译:在IP网络上使用实时多媒体或任务关键型应用程序给服务提供商带来了很大的压力,要求他们运营无中断网络。但是,在进行任何拓扑更改后,链路状态内部网关协议(IGP)(例如IS-IS或OSPF)将进入收敛阶段,在此阶段可能会发生瞬态转发循环。这样的循环会增加网络延迟并导致数据包丢失。在本文中,我们提出并评估了一种有效的算法,旨在避免此类流量中断而无需修改这些IGP。如果有意更改链接的权重(例如,为了维护操作或执行流量工程而将其关闭),我们的算法会反复更改此权重,从而将更改分为一系列无环过渡。为了保持在现有网络中的可用性,需要最小化在链路上施加的权重增量的数量才能达到其目标状态。对推断的和实际的Internet服务提供商(ISP)拓扑执行的分析表明,处理大多数链接关闭事件所需的权重增加很少(对于超过85%的链接,少于两个中间指标)。对我们的实现的评估还表明,这些最小序列可以在合理的时间内计算出来。

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