Background We found that selenium-binding protein 1 (SBP1) was progressively decreased in the human bronchial epithelial carcinogenic processes. Knockdown of SBP1 in immortalized human bronchial epithelial cell line 16HBE cells significantly increased the efficiency of B[a]P-induced cell transformation. However, the relationship between SBP1 expression and clinicopathological factors of patients has not been defined completely. The specific role of SBP1 in prognosis of lung squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) is still unknown. Methods Tissue samples from 82 patients treated by pulmonary lobectomy for LSCC were used. Immunohistochemistry and western blotting were used to detect the expressions of SBP1 protein. The relationships between the expression level of SBP1 and the clinicopathological features of patients were analyzed. Cox proportional hazard regression analysis and Kaplan–Meier method were used to perform survival analysis. Results Expressions of SBP1 proteins were significantly lower in LSCC tissues than that in the corresponding normal bronchial epithelium (NBE) tissues ( P =?0.000). In LSCC, The expression levels of SBP1 had not correlated with patients’ age, gender, smoking state, primary tumor stages (T), TNM clinical stages, and distant metastasis (M) ( P >?0.05). However, downregulation of SBP1 was significantly associated with higher lymph node metastasis and lower overall survival rate ( P Conclusions Downregulation of SBP1 may play a key role in the tumorigenic process of LSCC. SBP1 may be a novel potential prognostic factor of LSCC.
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