ABCs of Team Leadership: Using Shift Card Data to Guide Future Education

摘要

Background: Based on the need for Emergency Medicine(EM) Residents to gain expertise in leading medical andtrauma code teams, we created the ABCs of Team Leadershipcurriculum in 2012. In addition to teaching our residents theteam leadership curriculum, we have an optional end-of-shiftcard filled out by residents and faculty to facilitate focusedfeedback on team leadership performance (image 1).Educational Objectives: The Residency ReviewCommittee for EM states that ‘each resident must havesufficient opportunities to direct major resuscitations of all typeson all age groups’. Our team leadership curriculum was createdto prepare residents to direct and lead those resuscitations.Curricular Design: The ABCs of Team Leadershipcurriculum was created in 2012 based on a literature reviewof team leadership in medicine, aviation, business and themilitary. We applied common themes learned from theliterature review to our own experience to develop this EMspecificteam leadership curriculum. Residents completeone session per year with a simulated case followed by adebriefing and review of the ABCs of Team Leadership. Anend-of-shift feedback card was created to enable the residentsto do a self-evaluation of their team leadership performance,as well as to receive faculty comments. In 2015 we modifiedthe faculty section of the feedback card to incorporate somemilestone questions to the card.Impact/Effectiveness: To guide future education in thistopic, we performed an educational quality review of theresident card data in November 2015. Based solely on theresident self-evaluation section of the card, we looked forany specific questions in which they did not answer ‘yes’ asconsistently to see if we need to modify our yearly educationalteam leadership session. The data for the classes of 2014,2015 and 2016 is presented in Table 1. Based on the data,it would appear that ‘Did you use direct, clear, closed-loopcommunication?’, ‘Did you periodically review the plan withthe entire team?’ and ‘Did you do a quick debriefing of thecase with your staff, team, or key personnel?’ may need to beemphasized or taught differently in our yearly team leadershipsession. Other EM residencies that teach team leadership skillsmay find this data helpful to guide their curriculum as well.