Efeito de herbicidas aplicados na pré-colheita na qualidade fisiológica das sementes de feij?o

摘要

One of the strategies to improve the mechanic harvest performance is using desiccants in pre-harvest application. Thus, an experiment was carried at “Funda??o ABC” experimental area during 2001/2002 season, in Arapoti, Parana State, Brazil. The aim of the study was to evaluate the pre-harvest desiccants effect on common bean seeds quality (germination and vigor) after harvest and after a period of 8 month of storage. The variety Carioca under no tillage system was used. The treatments were applied using a pressured and manual pulverization when the crop shows 55% dry pods. The experimental design was random blocks with 10 treatments and 4 replications (g a.i. ha-1): glufosinate-ammonium + ethephon (120 + 100) + Hoefix (0.2%), glufosinate-ammonium + ethephon (120 + 100) + Agral (0.1%); glufosinate-ammonium + ethephon (240 + 200, and 480 + 400); diquat (300 and 600); glufosinate-ammonium (300); paraquat (240); glyphosate (720), and the control, without application. The averages were compared with the DMS test with 5% of probability. The treatments glufosinate-ammonium + etephon (440 and 880 g a.i. ha-1), diquat (33 and 600 g a.i. ha-1), and glufosinate-ammonium (300 g a.i. ha-1) were adequate desiccants and not affected the germination and vigor of the seeds. Paraquat (240 g a.i. ha-1) and glyphosate (720 g a.i. ha-1) shown less efficiency and affected the germination, since that gliphosate affect the seeds vigor.