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Estimated Acute Effects of Ambient Ozone and Nitrogen Dioxide on Mortality in the Pearl River Delta of Southern China

机译:中国南方珠江三角洲环境臭氧和二氧化氮对死亡率的估计急性影响

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Background and objectives: Epidemiologic studies have attributed adverse health effects to air pollution; however, controversy remains regarding the relationship between ambient oxidants [ozone (O3) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2)] and mortality, especially in Asia. We conducted a four-city time-series study to investigate acute effects of O3 and NO2 in the Pearl River Delta (PRD) of southern China, using data from 2006 through 2008. Methods: We used generalized linear models with Poisson regression incorporating natural spline functions to analyze acute mortality in association with O3 and NO2, with PM10 (particulate matter ≤ 10 μm in diameter) included as a major confounder. Effect estimates were determined for individual cities and for the four cities as a whole. We stratified the analysis according to high- and low- exposure periods for O3. Results: We found consistent positive associations between ambient oxidants and daily mortality across the PRD cities. Overall, 10-μg/m3 increases in average O3 and NO2 concentrations over the previous 2 days were associated with 0.81% [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.63%, 1.00%] and 1.95% (95% CI: 1.62%, 2.29%) increases in total mortality, respectively, with stronger estimated effects for cardiovascular and respiratory mortality. After adjusting for PM10, estimated effects of O3 on total and cardiovascular mortality were stronger for exposure during high-exposure months (September through November), whereas respiratory mortality was associated with O3 exposure during nonpeak exposure months only. Conclusions: Our findings suggest significant acute mortality effects of O3 and NO2 in the PRD and strengthen the rationale for further limiting the ambient pollution levels in the area.
机译:背景和目标:流行病学研究已将不良健康影响归因于空气污染。但是,关于环境氧化剂[臭氧(O 3 )和二氧化氮(NO 2 )]与死亡率之间的关系仍存在争议,尤其是在亚洲。我们使用来自2006年的数据,对中国南方的珠江三角洲(PRD)中的O 3 和NO 2 进行了四个城市的时序研究到2008年。方法:我们使用带有自然样条函数的Poisson回归的广义线性模型来分析O 3 和NO 2 与PM 10相关的急性死亡率(直径≤10μm的颗粒物)被列为主要混杂因素。确定了单个城市以及整个四个城市的影响估计。我们根据O 3 的高暴露期和低暴露期对分析进行了分层。结果:我们发现珠三角各城市的环境氧化剂与每日死亡率之间存在一致的正相关性。总体而言,在过去2天中,O 3 和NO 2 的平均浓度增加10-μg/ m 3 与0.81%相关[95]置信区间百分比(CI):0.63%,1.00%]和1.95%(95%CI:1.62%,2.29%)分别增加了总死亡率,对心血管和呼吸系统死亡率的估计作用更强。调整PM 10 后,O 3 对高暴露月份(9月至11月)暴露的总死亡率和心血管死亡率的估计影响更大,而呼吸道死亡率与仅在非高峰暴露月份内暴露O 3 。结论:我们的发现表明,珠三角地区O 3 和NO 2 的急性死亡效应显着,并为进一步限制该地区的环境污染水平提供了依据。

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