Evaluation of small elements of the eigenvectors of certain symmetric tridiagonal matrices with high relative accuracy

摘要

Evaluation of the eigenvectors of symmetric tridiagonal matrices is one of the most basic tasks in numerical linear algebra. It is a widely known fact that, in the case of well separated eigenvalues, the eigenvectors can be evaluated with high relative accuracy. Nevertheless, in general, each coordinate of the eigenvector is evaluated with only high absolute accuracy. In particular, those coordinates whose magnitude is below the machine precision are not expected to be evaluated with any accuracy whatsoever.