Perchlorate, bromate, and chlorate in hypochlorite solutions: Guidelines for utilities

摘要

In light of pending perchlorate regulation by the US Environmental Protection Agency, it is essential that utility operators and managers understand how purchasing decisions and hypochlorite storage and handling methods can potentially affect maximum contaminant levels in finished drinking water. This article describes recent work to develop a predictive model for quantifying the formation of perchlorate and chlorate in hypochlorite solutions during storage and provides recommendations to minimize the introduction of perchlorate during the treatment process.