Enhanced topical cutaneous delivery of indocyanine green after various pretreatment regimens: comparison of fractional CO2 laser fractional Er:YAG laser microneedling and radiofrequency

摘要

Optical coherence tomography images of a skin sample pretreated with the fractional CO laser at 2.5 mJ/microbeam (single pulse) and 20 mJ/microbeam (single pulse; microspot size 120 μm; pulse duration 80 μs) and with the fractional Er:YAG laser at 9 mJ/microbeam (single pulse) and 9 mJ/microbeam (nine stacked pulses; microspot size 225 μm, pulse duration 225 μs)