Selective defunctionalisation of organic molecules to valuable intermediates is a fundamentally important transformation in organic synthesis. Despite the advances made in efficient and selective defunctionalisation using transition-metal catalysis, the cost, toxicity, and non-renewable properties limit its application in industrial manufacturing processes. In this regard, boron Lewis acid catalysis has emerged as a powerful tool for the cleavage of carbon–heteroatom bonds. The ground-breaking finding is that the strong boron Lewis acid B(C6F5)3 can activate Si–H bonds through η1 coordination, and this Lewis adduct is a key intermediate that enables various reduction processes. This system can be tuned by variation of the electronic and structural properties of the borane catalyst, and together with different hydride sources high chemoselectivity can be achieved. This Perspective provides a comprehensive summary of various defunctionalisation reactions such as deoxygenation, decarbonylation, desulfurisation, deamination, and dehalogenation, all of which catalysed by boron Lewis acids.
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机译：有机分子的有价值中间体的选择性defunctionalisation是在有机合成中一种根本重要的转型。尽管使用过渡金属催化，成本，毒性，和不可再生特性在效率和选择性defunctionalisation取得的进展限制了其在工业生产过程中的应用。在这方面，硼的路易斯酸催化已经作为碳 - 杂原子键的断裂的有力工具。突破性的发现是，强硼的路易斯酸B（C 6 F 5）3可通过η1协调激活Si-H键，这刘易斯加合物是一个关键的中间体，使各种还原过程。该系统可以通过硼烷催化剂的电子和结构性质的变化具有不同的氢化物的来源，可以实现高的化学选择性被调谐，并在一起。这个角度提供了各种defunctionalisation反应如脱氧，脱羰基，脱硫，脱氨基，脱卤和，所有这些都通过催化硼的路易斯酸的全面总结。
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