Lethal and Sublethal Effects of Methyl Benzoate on the Predatory Bug Nesidiocoris tenuis

摘要

Benzoates (naturally occurring plant toxins) produce pesticidal effects on various pest insects and mites, but their effects on non-target insects are poorly understood. In this study, we evaluate the lethal and sublethal toxicity of methyl benzoate (MB) to adults of the generalist predatory bug (Reuter) (Hemiptera: Miridae). To assess lethal effects, was exposed to plant surfaces treated with 0.25%, 0.5% and 1% MB, as well as negative and positive controls (water and the neonicotinoid acetamiprid, respectively). Exposure to 1% MB resulted in the highest corrected mortality of 17.8% and 13.3% under laboratory and greenhouse conditions, respectively. Thus, 1% MB can be classified as harmless to according to the International Organization for Biological Control rating scheme. At the sublethal level, MB exposure did not significantly affect the consumption of eggs of the whitefly by relative to negative control feeding rates. In contrast, acetamiprid at the manufacturer’s recommended concentration reduced feeding activity by 45.4%. Furthermore, in a Y-tube olfactometer assay, there were no significant differences between the olfactory responses of to MB concentrations and the negative control (water). This study therefore suggests that MB could be used safely for pest control in combination with .