Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Testicular Germ Cell Tumors Following In Utero Exposure to Diethylstilbestrol

摘要

BackgroundEarly exposure to estrogen-like compounds has been implicated in the etiology of testicular cancer, but individual level epidemiologic data addressing this hypothesis are scarce. The synthetic estrogen diethylstilbestrol (DES) was administered during pregnancy from 1948 to 1971, but sequelae of in utero exposure have been more extensively characterized in females than in males.