Individuals who smoke generally have a lower body mass index (BMI) than nonsmokers. The relative roles of energy expenditure and energy intake in maintaining the lower BMI, however, remain controversial. We tested the hypothesis that current smokers have higher total energy expenditure than never smokers in 308 adults aged 40-69 years old of which 47 were current smokers. Energy expenditure was measured by doubly labeled water during a two week period in which the subjects lived at home and performed their normal activities. Smoking status was determined by questionnaire. There were no significant differences in mean BMI (mean ± SD) between smokers and never smokers for either males (27.8+5.1 kg/m2 vs. 27.5+4.0 kg/m2) or females (26.5+5.3 kg/m2 vs. 28.1+6.6 kg/m2), although the difference in females was of similar magnitude to previous reports. Similarly, total energy expenditure of male smokers (3069+764 kcal/d) was not significantly different from that of never smokers (2854+468 kcal/d), and that of female smokers (2266+387 kcal/d) was not different from that of never smokers (2330+415 kcal/d). These findings did not change after adjustment for age, fat-free mass and self-reported physical activity. Using doubly labeled water, we found no evidence of increased energy expenditure among smokers, however, it should be noted that BMI differences in this cohort also did not differ by smoking status.
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机译：吸烟者的体重指数（BMI）通常比不吸烟者低。然而，能量消耗和能量摄入在维持较低BMI方面的相对作用仍存在争议。我们检验了这样一种假设：308名40-69岁的成年人中，当前吸烟者的总能量消耗比从未吸烟者要高。在受试者住所并进行正常活动的两周期间，用双标签水测量能量消耗。吸烟状况通过问卷调查确定。男性吸烟者和从不吸烟者的平均BMI（平均值±SD）无明显差异（27.8 + 5.1 kg / m 2 vs。27.5 + 4.0 kg / m 2 ）或女性（26.5 + 5.3 kg / m 2 与28.1 + 6.6 kg / m 2 ），尽管女性的差异与以前的报告相似。同样，男性吸烟者（3069 + 764 kcal / d）的总能量消耗与从不吸烟者（2854 + 468 kcal / d）的能量消耗无显着差异，女性吸烟者（2266 + 387 kcal / d）的总能量消耗无差异。与从不吸烟者相比（2330 + 415 kcal / d）。在调整了年龄，无脂肪量和自我报告的身体活动后，这些发现没有改变。使用加倍标记的水，我们没有发现吸烟者能量消耗增加的证据，但是，应该注意的是，该人群中的BMI差异也不因吸烟状况而异。
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