Human breast milk is the best nutritional support that insures the right development and influences the immune status of the newborn infant. However, when it is not possible to breast feed, it may be necessary to use commercial infant formulas that mimic, where possible, the levels and types of nutrients present in human milk. Despite this, some formula-fed infant develops allergy and/or atopic disease compared to breast-fed infants. Cow’s milk allergy can be divided into immunoglobulin IgE mediated food allergy and non-IgE-mediated food allergy. Most infants with cow’s milk protein allergy (CMPA) develop symptoms before 1 month of age, often within 1 week after introduction of cow’s milk-based formula. Donkey milk may be considered a good substitute for cow’s milk in feeding children with CMPA since its composition is very similar to human milk. Donkey milk total protein content is low (1.5–1.8 g/100 g), very close to human milk. A thorough analysis of the donkey milk protein profile has been performed in this study; the interest was focused on the milk proteins considered safe for the prevention and treatment of various disorders in humans. The content of lactoferrin, lactoperoxidase and lysozyme, peptides with antimicrobial activity, able to stimulate the development of the neonatal intestine, was determined. Donkey milk is characterized by a low casein content, with values very close to human milk; the total whey protein content in donkey milk ranges between 0.49 and 0.80 g/100 g, very close to human milk (0.68–0.83 g/100 g). Among whey proteins, α-lactalbumin average concentration in donkey milk is 1.8 mg/mL. The results of this study confirmed the possibility of using donkey milk in feeding children with CMPA.
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机译:母乳是确保正确发育并影响新生儿免疫状态的最佳营养支持。但是,当不可能母乳喂养时,可能有必要使用商业婴儿配方食品,在可能的情况下模拟人乳中营养成分的水平和类型。尽管如此,与母乳喂养的婴儿相比,某些配方喂养的婴儿仍会出现过敏和/或特应性疾病。牛奶过敏可分为免疫球蛋白IgE介导的食物过敏和非IgE介导的食物过敏。大多数患有牛奶蛋白过敏(CMPA)的婴儿会在1个月大以前出现症状,通常是在引入基于牛奶的配方奶粉后1周内出现症状。驴奶可能被认为是用CMPA喂养儿童的牛奶的良好替代品,因为它的成分与人奶非常相似。驴奶中的总蛋白质含量低(1.5–1.8 g / 100 g),非常接近母乳。这项研究已经对驴乳蛋白质谱进行了全面的分析。人们的兴趣集中在被认为可以预防和治疗人类各种疾病安全的牛奶蛋白上。测定了能够刺激新生儿肠道发育的具有抗微生物活性的肽乳铁蛋白,乳过氧化物酶和溶菌酶的含量。驴奶的特点是酪蛋白含量低,其值非常接近母乳。驴乳中的乳清蛋白总含量在0.49至0.80 g / 100 g之间,非常接近母乳(0.68–0.83 g / 100 g)。在乳清蛋白中,驴乳中α-乳白蛋白的平均浓度为1.8 mg / mL。这项研究的结果证实了用驴乳喂养CMPA儿童的可能性。
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