[目的]调查研究喀什灰枣、骏枣幼龄期生育特性及果实品质.[方法]以3年生灰枣、骏枣为试材,采用田间观察和实验室常规实验进行调查.[结果]喀什灰枣和骏枣4月中旬开始萌芽至10月底落叶进入休眠,整个生育期灰枣持续约195 d、骏枣持续约190 d；枣股平均枣吊数灰枣3.1个、骏枣2.3个,枣吊平均长度灰枣23.7 cm、骏枣21.0 cm；自然结实率灰枣31.3果/100枣吊、骏枣139果/100枣吊,自花结实率灰枣0.5果/100枣吊、骏枣7.6果/100枣吊；灰枣、骏枣的干径年增长幅度分别为55.7％和58.8％；灰枣平均单果重6.8g、果形指数1.5、果实硬度14.6、可溶性固形物37.2％、鲜果制干率45.4％,骏枣平均单果重19.6 g、果型指数1.3、果实硬度13.9、可溶性固形物28.0％、鲜果制干率42.9％；骏枣的裂果率为20％,灰枣无裂果；灰枣全红期喷400倍和200倍40％乙烯利水剂6d后落果率达到80％以上.[结论]灰枣和骏枣的年生长期基本一致；灰枣和骏枣自花结实率均较低,属虫媒花；幼龄灰枣果实鲜食和制干特性方面均优于幼龄骏枣；灰枣适合采收前乙烯利辅助催熟.%[Objective]The purpose of this project was to study the growth characteristics and the fruit quality of huizao and junzao in Kashgar. [ Method ] Two kinds of methods ( Field observation and laboratory study) were used to study 3 year - old huizao and junzao. [ Result] The results showed that the growth period of huizao and junzao was from the mid April to the end of October. The growth duration of huizao is about 195 days, and junzao's is about 190 days. Annual growth rate of huizao stem diameter is 55.7% , and junzao stem diameter is 58.8%. Huizao fruit weight is 6. 8g, fruit shape index is 1.5, fruit firmness is 14. 6, soluble solids is 37. 2% , the fruit dried - rate is 45.4% . Junzao fruit weight is 19. 6g, fruit shape index is 1.3, fruit firmness is 13.9, a soluble solid is 28. 0% , and the fruit dried - rate is 42. 9%. Cracking rate of junzao fruitis 20% , cracking rate of huizao fruit is 0. Fruit drop rate will be above 80% when spray ethephon was diluted 400 times and 200 times on huizao tree in maturity stage. [ Conclusion ] Annual growth stage is basically the same between huizao and junzao. Self - pollinated rates of both huizao and junzao are low. Fresh - consuming and drying of young period huizao are better than young period junzao. Spraying ethephon on huizao tree is helpful in harvest period.
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