全球化经济背景下的高等教育形成了一个市场，以市场需求为导向。大学排名可以方便高等教育消费者透明、有效地获取高校的信息并进行直观比较。随着知识经济竞争的加剧与全球化发展，大学排名演进成全球性的排名。本文引入目前最为普及的3个全球大学排行榜——上海交通大学“世界大学学术排名”(ARWU)、QS世界大学排名、THE世界大学排名。通过辨析其与高校评估之区别，阐述了大学排名作为“商标”或“品牌”的市场性特点。同时，全球大学排名有利于高等教育的质量保障，但指标设计不当与对“世界一流大学”的盲目追求很可能会对各国高等教育质量的战略发展造成方向性误导与阻碍。% Under the background of global economy, higher education is becoming a market, which is oriented to market demand. University-Ranking is convenient for consumers to get more transparent and effective information as well as compare them. With the fierce competition of knowledge economy and globalization development, university-ranking developed into global ranking. This paper introduces three global university rankings which are widely spread at present——Academic Ranking of World Universities, QS World University Rankings, THE World University Rankings. By analyzing the differences between university-ranking and university-assessment, it expounds the former as a “trademark” or “brand” of the market. Moreover, global university ranking is beneficial for the higher education quality assurance, but inappropriate index design and the blind chase of “world class universities” may result in misleading or impeding for strategic development of each country’s higher education quality.
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