撤点并校运动背景下乡村教育的困境与出路

摘要

The movement of school closure and merger since the late 1990’s has contributed to the inj ustice faced by rural education,increased the growth moral hazard of rural children,and accelerated the desolation of rural society.This phenomenon has multiple causes:it results from a loss of educa-tional j ustice as well as policy misexecution,but the deeper reason is the decline and fall of rural cul-ture.To step out of the plight,we have to be discreet when we promote the education policy,and we need also reflect on education reform and even the economist orientation of the national education de-sign,so as to achieve education j ustice,and,even more important,to rebuild rural culture and resume the vitality of rural education.%上世纪90年代末以来的撤点并校运动进一步加剧了乡村教育面临的不公正，使乡村儿童面临的成长道德风险递增，也加速了乡村社会的荒芜化。造成这一现象的原因是多重的，既有政策执行失当的问题，更是教育正义失位的表现，最深层次的原因则是乡村文的化被改造和衰亡。缓解和走出乡村教育的困境，除了要慎重推进撤点并校政策，还要反思教育改革乃至国家教育设计的经济主义导向，实现教育正义，更要重建乡村文化，以恢复乡村教育的生机。