挤压工艺制造铜基复合材料的力学性能

摘要

碳纳米管因具有优异的电学、力学和热力学性能而被应用于各个领域。利用挤压工艺球磨Cu−CNT粉末制造复合材料，根据CNT的含量评估Cu−CNT复合材料的力学性能。采用行星式球磨机在500 r/min下混合分散CNT (1%,5%和10%)、铜(d=100 nm)、氧化锆球(90 g)和乙醇(20 mL)5min。用铜制造直径50 mm、长100 mm的坯锭，在单轴压力下将复合材料粉末填入坯锭。在挤压过程中，坯锭在880°C下加热1h后，坯锭负载200t，得到圆棒状样品。采用粒度分布仪测量复合材料的粒度，同时采用 SEM 观察挤压样品的表面组织。使用压痕仪测量的力学性能随着CNT含量的增加而提高。Cu−CNTs复合材料的屈服强度、抗拉强度和硬度明显提高。%Carbon nanotube (CNT)was applied in various fields for itssuperior electrical, mechanical and thermal characteristics. After composites were fabricated by extrusion processusing ball-milledCu−CNT powders, mechanicalpropertiesofCu−CNT composites according to CNT fraction were reviewed. CNT (1%, 5% and 10%),Cu (d=100 nm), zirconia balls (90 g) and ethanol (20mL) were mixed and dispersed for5h at a speed of 500 r/minusing a planetary ball mill. A billet (d=50 mm, length=100 mm) was made with Cu, and the composite powderswerefilled up into billet using the uni-axial press. In the extrusion process, after the billet was heated at 880°Cfor1h, specimens were produced in the shape of a round bar using the billet by applying a load of 200 t. The composite powdersweremeasured for particle size byparticlesize distributionequipment. Then the specimen surface fabricated by extrusion was observed by SEM. Mechanicalpropertiesmeasured by the indentation equipment increased with increasing CNT content. The yield strength, tensile strength and hardness of theCu–CNTs composites canbeobviously improved.