并发任务对驾驶员驾驶行为的影响

摘要

驾驶过程中使用手机、收听音乐等并发任务会对驾驶员驾驶行为产生不同程度的影响,进而给周围道路环境、车辆以及行人造成安全威胁.为了系统探析不同并发任务模式对驾驶员驾驶行为的影响程度,以四种典型并发任务模式(手机使用、乘客互动、视频播放、音频播放)为研究对象,引入主成分分析法,构建面向驾驶员行为表现的综合评价体系.同时,以国外学者针对不同并发任务进行模拟实验所用的原始数据作为数据来源,对四种并发任务对于驾驶员行为的不同影响进行了评价.结果表明,使用手机对于驾驶员的驾驶行为影响最大,与乘客互动次之;视觉上注意力的分散相对于认知上注意力的分散更容易对驾驶员的驾驶能力产生负面影响.%Driving accompanied by concurrent tasks, such as using cell phone, listening music, etc., tends to bring threatens to the safety of road, vehicle and pedestrian. In order to evaluate the impact of various concurrent tasks on driver′s behavior, four typical ones which were using cell phone, passenger interaction, playing video and playing audio were selected as cases, and the principal component analy-sis was used to build a driver′s behavior oriented comprehensive evaluation system. Experimental data from previous studies were obtained to evaluate the impact of the four concurrent tasks. The results indi-cate that using cell phone has the greatest impact on driver′s behavior, followed by passenger interac-tion. Compared to cognitive distraction, visual distraction is more likely to weaken the driver′s ability.