利用常规气象观测资料、卫星云图、雷达产品及福建省自动气象站资料,从高空环流形势、地面中尺度系统以及卫星云图和雷达回波特征等方面,分析了2016年第1号台风"尼伯特"造成福建特大暴雨的中尺度对流系统的特征和形成机制.结果表明:造成特大暴雨的中尺度系统是在台风外围强风速带触及福建沿海时形成的地面中尺度辐合线上发展的,高低空辐散与辐合耦合配置以及对流层中层干空气侵入的不稳定层结提供了有利的环境条件;台湾岛地形对台风空心结构形成、外围强风带影响与台风东侧气流分流并在福建中部沿海汇合具有重要作用.%Using conventional meteorological observations, satellite images, radar data and data from Automatic Weather Stations (AWSs) over Fujian, we have investigated the mesoscale system characteristics and the cause of an excessive rainstorm event triggered by super ty-phoon (1601) Nepartak including its circulation pattern in upper air, mesoscale system in ground level, satellite images feature and radar echo characteristics etc. The results indicate that mesoscale systems causing this event was strengthened due to the surface mesoscale convergence lines when the severe wind zone in periphery of the typhoon reached the coast of Fujian. The coupling of convergence in the low-level and di-vergence in the upper level and the unstable stratification formed by the dry air intrusion in middle troposphere provide a favorable environ-ment condition for the occurrence of rainstorm. Taiwan's terrain plays an important role in the following processes:the formation of hollow structure of the typhoon, the influence of strong peripheral winds, and the airflow in east side of typhoon splitting and converging together in the middle coastal areas of Fujian.
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