鱼雷舱段振动夹具动态特性仿真分析

摘要

夹具作为鱼雷舱段振动试验系统中不可或缺的连接部件, 其动态特性直接影响振动试验的测试结果.文中针对3种鱼雷舱段振动试验夹具设计方案, 开展振动夹具动态特性的理论分析和有限元仿真, 通过数值计算其振动固有频率、振型和振动响应等, 对比分析不同振动夹具设计方案的动态性能优劣, 最终确定满足鱼雷舱段振动试验传递性要求的夹具.并得出以下结论:1) 夹具的刚度、固有频率及阻尼对其振动传递特性的影响最为突出;2) 整体铸造成型的夹具比焊接成型和螺栓连接结构传递特性更好;3) 基于动态特性设计的夹具能更好地保证振动能量不失真的传递.%The dynamic characteristics of the fixture directly affect the measurement in the vibration test of torpedo cabin.In this paper, theoretical analysis and numerical calculations of dynamic characteristics are carried out for three design schemes of fixture for torpedo cabin vibration test.The natural frequencies, vibration modes and vibration responses of the three fixture designs are calculated numerically, their dynamic performances are compared and analyzed to finally determine the right fixture, which can meet the transitivity requirement of vibration test of torpedo cabin.Conclusions are drawn as follows:1) the stiffness, natural frequency and damping of these fixtures have the most prominent influences on their vibration transfer characteristics;2) the monoblock cast fixture is better in the transitivity than the welded or the bolt-connected one;3) the fixture designed on the basis of dynamic characteristics can better ensure the transmission of vibration energy without distortion.