应用SNP标记分析24份烟草品种的遗传多样性

摘要

To clarify the genetic diversities of major tobacco cultivars in China, 24 tobacco cultivars were selected for whole-genome scan with 430 K tobacco SNP array. The genetic diversities of the 24 cultivars were analyzed. The results showed that 103 133 polymorphism(SNP)loci were found, which basically covered tobacco genome. The genetic similarity of the 24 cultivars ranged from 0.308 6 to 0.997 7. The 24 cultivars were classified into different groups by UPGMA analyses to reveal their genetic relationships. It indicated that SNP array could identify the diversity at whole-genome level, which could be used to analyze the genetic diversities of different cultivars. Very narrow genetic background was observed for major tobacco cultivars. Thus, it is an urgent task to introduce diversified germplasm resources into tobacco breeding program for increasing tobacco genetic diversity.%为了阐明我国烟草主栽品种的遗传基础,利用烟草高密度SNP芯片技术对24份烟草品种进行全基因组扫描,并分析其遗传多样性.在筛选获得的纯合SNP位点中,多态性位点达到103133个,基本覆盖烟草基因组.品种间遗传相似系数介于0.3086~0.9977之间.聚类分析结果,将24个品种划分为不同类群,反映出这些烟草品种间的亲缘关系远近.结果显示,SNP芯片能够在全基因组水平上获得不同烟草品种间的多态性信息,可用于品种间的遗传多样性分析.烟草主栽品种间的亲缘关系较近,在育种中迫切需要引入新的种质资源,以拓宽遗传背景.