Objective To investigate the relationship between serum neuron-specific enolase (NSE) level and the severity of brain injury in patients with acute ischemic stroke. Methods A total of 100 patients with acute ischemic stroke, classified as total anterior circulation infarct (TACI), partial anterior circulation infarct (PACI), posterior circalation infarct (POCI) and lacunar infarct (LACI) were included in this study. The serum levels of NSE were detected and cerebral infarc-tion volumes were measured using 32-bit OsiriX imaging software. The correlation between serum level of NSE, cerebral in-farction volume and subtypes of ischemic stroke was analyzed. Results Patients were divided into NSE≤11.46μg/L group and NSE>11.46μg/L group. The scores of NIHSS[6.0(4.0, 10.0) vs 4.0(2.0, 6.0)]were higher, the infarction volumes[4.3 (1.3, 15.9) cm3 vs 0.8(0.4,4.3) cm3]were larger in NSE>11.46μg/L group (P<0.05). The serum NSE level showed statistical-ly significant difference between TACI and other groups (P<0.01). The increased serum NSE level was correlated with in-creased infarction volume (rs=0.417,P<0.01). There was a linear regression between serum NSE level and infarction vol-ume. Its linear regression equation was =2.438+0.100 X (X:infarction volume;Y:serum NSE level). Conclusion The se-rum NSE level may be helpful for the prediction of the severity of brain injured in patients with acute ischemic stroke.%目的：探讨缺血性卒中急性期血清神经元特异性烯醇化酶（NSE）水平与脑损伤程度的相关性。方法将急性缺血性卒中患者100例根据牛津郡社区卒中计划（OCSP）进行分型，测定血清NSE水平并使用开放源图像处理软件OsiriX计算脑梗死体积，对血清NSE水平与脑梗死体积和缺血性卒中亚型的相关性进行分析。结果按血清NSE中分位数截取点11.46μg/L将患者分为2组进行比较，NSE>11.46μg/L组患者入院美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表（NIHSS）评分较高[6.0（4.0,10.0）分vs 4.0（2.0,6.0）分]、脑梗死体积较大[4.3（1.3,15.9）cm3 vs 0.8（0.4,4.3）cm3]，差异有统计学意义。完全前循环梗死（TACI）、部分前循环梗死（PACI）、后循环梗死（POCI）、腔隙性梗死（LACI）患者血清NSE水平（μg/L）分别为16.7（10.0,27.4）、11.5（10.1,13.8）、11.0（9.9,14.6）和10.3（9.5,11.1），各组间差异有统计学意义。血清NSE与脑梗死体积呈正相关（rs=0.417，P<0.01），并且两者存在线性回归关系，回归方程为=2.438+0.100 X（X：脑梗死体积；Y：血清NSE）。结论血清NSE可作为判断缺血性卒中患者脑损伤程度的一种简易血清生物学标志物。
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