最原始意义上的罪刑法定原则，产生于欧洲大陆国家，是与欧洲中世纪的司法擅断密切相关的。当我们进一步探究中世纪的司法擅断时，我们会发现这是西欧大陆封建制的必然产物，毫无制约的权力与武力镇压是其特色，所以罪刑法定原则是制约封建制下的各个封建领主绝对司法权的产物，其本质在于监督。而中国古代的帝制确保了对下级官吏包括审理案件的官员的监督，在这种政治体制下，面临的问题是对皇权的监督，而比附援引正是对皇权进行监督的措施。%In the most original meaning the principle of legality is generated in the countries of continental Europe, and it is closely related to the judicial tyranny in the Middle Ages. When we further explore the me-dieval judicial tyranny, we will find that this is the inevitable product of Western Europe feudal system, and power without restriction and military crackdown are its characteristic. So the principle of legality is the prod-uct of the feudal system of restriction under each feudal lord's absolute judicial power, and its essence lies in the supervision. And Chinese ancient imperialism ensures the supervision of subordinate officials including officials in the trial of the case. In this political system, the problem is how to supervise the imperial power, and the analogies, comparisons and quote are measures to supervise the imperial power.
展开▼
