由马克思东方社会理论看全球文明对话

摘要

Though Marx’s theory of oriental society always stressed on important outer promoting role of advanced western civilizations to traditional oriental civilizations, but in the same time, he did dot advocate to replace traditional oriental civilizations with advanced western civilizations, and further pointed out the individualism of oriental civilizations and important role in the process of social development. The dialogue of oriental civilizations and western civilizations is not to eliminate the nationality of oriental civilizations with advanced nature of western civilizations, but through reforming internal mechanism of oriental society, on the one hand to absorb advanced nature of western civilizations, on the other hand to eliminate the backwardness of oriental civilizations. In the end, oriental civilizations not only are worldwide, but also are national. Contemporary globalization is an inevitable result of the development of the era of world history which Marx lived in, so Marx’s theory of oriental society still has important significance for us to correctly handle the dialogue of contemporary global civilizations.%　　马克思东方社会理论尽管一再强调西方先进文明对东方社会发展的重要外部推动作用，但与此同时他并没有主张用先进西方文明消解或取代传统东方文明，而是进一步指出了东方文明的独特性及其在社会历史发展进程中的重要作用。东西文明的对话和交流，其意不在于用西方文明的先进性来消解东方文明的民族性，而是通过东方社会内部机制的彻底更新，既吸取西方文明的先进性，同时根除东方文明的落后性，使东方文明在具有世界性的同时而不失民族性。当代全球化是马克思所处世界历史时代发展的必然结果，因此，马克思东方社会理论对我们如何正确处理和看待当代全球文明对话仍具有重要的启示意义。