中国古典诗学的“妙悟”说

摘要

除中国古典诗学的“载道”、“言志”、“缘情”传统，还应重视对“妙悟”传统的揭橥和阐发。“妙悟”说萌芽于先秦诗学，成型于唐宋诗学，并浸润在元明清诗学的中心地带，成为影响中国古典诗学千年历史走向的一种重要观念。从古代诗歌的创作、鉴赏与批评的总体倾向看，其中包含的妙悟思想可以划分出感性之悟（直觉）、非理性之悟（灵感）和神性之悟（彻悟）等三种理论形态。古典诗学妙悟观是一种极具创造性的本体思维，力求超越知识，摒弃“理障”（理性判断），回到以心传心、单刀直入的本质直观，妙悟的终极旨趣在于通过对意象的直观来显现世界的本来面目（“妙悟在于即真”）。妙悟也是一种非对象性思维，通过妙悟可以打破主观与客观之界割，摒除心物之间的藩篱，回到真实的生命世界本身。%We should focus on “Epiphany” ( miao-wu) in Chinese classical poetics.“Epiphany” become an important con-cepts of classical Chinese poetics of history towards the Millennium .From the creation of the ancient poetry , the overall tendency of appreciation and criticism of the practice of view, enlightenment and ideas contained therein can be divided sensibility of Wu (intui-tion) , the non-rational enlightenment (inspiration) and divinity Gordon (deep understanding) Three Theoretical Forms.Epiphany is a very creative concept ontology thinking in classical poetry .It is also a non-objective thinking, can break through enlightenment and subjective and objective circles cut , aside barriers between mind and matter , back to the real world of life itself .