从“列女”到“烈女”-兼论正史《列女传》取材标准的变化

摘要

对于正史《列女传》的取材标准，历来有不同的看法。史家撰述正史《列女传》的取材标准经历了由“列女”到“烈女”的变化过程，这一变化始于《新唐书·列女传》，最终定型于《宋史·列女传》导致正史《列女传》取材标准变化的主要原因是传统社会中在以父权一夫权为主导的性别制度下，主流价值观对“妇德”的话语变化。而正史《列女传》取材标准的变化，既是历代妇德观念的反映，也是父权一夫权性别制度下对于女性妇德的要求与塑造。%Opinions have always varied on the standards of material selection for the official history Lie Nv Zhuan. The standards of good women, in the eye of historians, have experienced the change from chaste female to paragons of chastity, which started from Xin Tang Shu " Lie Nv Zhuan and took shape in Song Shi · Lie Nv Zhuan. This paper finds out that the main reasons for this change are the change in the mainstream value of "feminine virtue" under the traditional society which took the gender system of patriarchy and authority of the husband. Besides, this change not only reflects the concept of feminine virtue, but also the requirements for the feminine virtue.