美国DMSP-F13卫星解体事件对空间碎片环境影响分析

摘要

2015年2月3日,美国DMSP-F13卫星发生爆炸解体,产生了百余块编目空间碎片.该卫星解体碎片主要分布在轨道高度600~1200 km范围内,其中近50%的编目碎片在轨寿命将超过20年,会对未来空间碎片环境构成长期影响.结合我国空间碎片环境工程模型SDEEM对DMSP-F13解体事件的分析结果显示,此次解体事件造成邻近轨道区域内空间碎片空间密度增加,对该区域航天器安全运行产生影响.%On February 3, 2015, the US satellite DMSP-F13 exploded, creating over a hundred of cataloged objects in the 600km to 1200km altitude zone. Nearly 50% of these cataloged debris will stay in orbit for over twenty years, suggesting a long term damage to the furture space debris environment. According to the analysis of the influence on the space debris environment from the medium/small breakup debris created by the DMSP-F13 explosion event based on Space Debris Environment Engineering Model (SDEEM), the breakup event caused the increase of the spatial density in the nearby orbital zone, leading to an influence on the spaceships in this area.