The interaction between the ultra-short and ultra-intense laser and the plasmas is capable of generating extreme physical state conditions and plasma radiation environments, and provides a good platform for the simulation of the space environment. In this paper, the basic principles and the research developments of the laser-electron acceleration are reviewed. Several important regimes are considered, including the bubble regime. The theoretical and experimental developments of the energy gain and beam quality are highlighted. In addition, the possibility of simulating the aircraft environment by using the energetic electron bunch generated by laser-plasma interactions is also discussed.%超短超强激光与等离子体相互作用可以产生极端的物态条件和电离辐射环境,这为航天器空间环境模拟研究提供了条件.文章综述了激光加速电子技术的基本原理和近年来的研究进展,介绍了包括空泡机制在内的几种重要的加速机制,重点回顾了电子束的能量提升和束流品质改善两方面的理论和实验结果.此外,对激光电子加速应用于未来航天器空间环境模拟研究进行了展望.
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