载人航天器单相流体回路分析

摘要

This paper developes a simplified simulation model representing the single-phase ammonia fluid loop used for thermal control subsystem of manned spacecraft,adds transient orbit heat flux and PID controller to the simulation model.The performances of set point temperature fluctuation,radiator outlet temperature fluctuation and flow distribution are obtained.Then the results are used to analyze the fluid loop dynamic performance,temperature control performance and the performance of anti-freeze of single-phase ammonia fluid loop used for manned spacecraft in predefined cases.Finally,the paper summarizes and evaluates the performance of anti-freeze of single-phase ammonia fluid loop,and analyzes the factors that have impact on fluid loop temperature control performance,which can guide researchers and engineers to conduct system optimization and system anti-freeze design.%对载人航天器热控分系统单相流体回路进行了简化,建立了氨工质单相流体回路的软件仿真模型,对仿真模型添加瞬态外热流,施加比例、积分和微分（PID）控制器。仿真结果给出了单相流体回路在典型工况下控温点温度波动、辐射器出口温度波动、温控阀主旁路流量分配的响应情况。据此分析了单相流体回路在典型工况下的动态响应性能、控温性能及低温防冻性能。总结评价了氨工质单相流体回路的低温防冻能力,确定了影响单相流体回路控温性能的因素,可用于指导我国单相流体回路进行优化设计及防冻设计。