Studying the effects of the positioning application of mushroom residues on carbon and nitrogen in soil aggregates of paddy field is significant for the reasonable utilization of the mushroom residues and the sustainable development of agriculture, and it can provide theoretical bases for revealing the influence mechanism of the application of mushroom residues on the formation and evolution of soil fertility in paddy field. The soil organic carbon and total nitrogen of soil and soil aggregates at different sizes were studied by collecting soils with different dosage mushroom residues, and the contribution rates of soil aggregates to soil organic carbon and total nitrogen were analyzed. The results showed that the content of soil organic carbon was 4.07%–15.71% higher than that of the control respectively. The contents of soil organic carbon in the treatments with medium and high mushroom residues were 13.27 g/kg and 12.81 g/kg, respectively. The soil total nitrogen content with mushroom residues was 1.75%–8.61% higher than that of the control (P>0.05), and the content of soil total nitrogen with medium and high mushroom residues were 1.47 g/kg and 1.43 g/kg, respectively. In general, the carbon and nitrogen contents of >1 mm soil aggregates were significantly higher than those of other size aggregates. It showed that carbon and nitrogen were mainly distributed in the larger size aggregates. The recovery rates of organic carbon and total nitrogen in different size aggregates were 77.05%–87.36% and 77.66%–89.68%, respectively. The results were reliable and could indicate that mushroom residue could increase the contents of organic carbon and nitrogen of water stable aggregates, could improve soil aggregate structure, and thus was an effective measure to improve the productivity of paddy soil.%研究定位施用菌渣对稻田土壤团聚体中碳、氮含量的影响,对菌渣的合理利用和农业的可持续发展具有一定的意义,同时可为揭示施用菌渣对稻田土壤肥力形成及演变的影响提供理论依据.本研究通过采集不同菌渣用量处理土壤,分析了稻田施用菌渣下土壤总有机碳和全氮及各粒级团聚体中碳、氮含量的变化,得出了各级团聚体对土壤有机碳和全氮的贡献率.结果表明:施用菌渣各处理土壤总有机碳含量较对照提高4.07%~15.71%(P>0.05),其中,中量和高量菌渣处理土壤总有机碳含量分别为13.27 g/kg和12.81 g/kg.施用菌渣各处理土壤全氮含量较对照提高1.75%~8.61%(P>0.05),其中,中量和高量菌渣处理土壤全氮含量分别为1.47 g/kg和1.43 g/kg.总体而言,各处理中>1.0 mm的各级土壤团聚体中碳、氮含量显著高于其他粒径团聚体,碳、氮主要分布在较大粒级团聚体上.不同处理各粒级团聚体分离的碳、氮回收率分别为77.05%~87.36%、77.66%~89.68%,说明获得的各粒级团聚体有机碳和全氮含量分布的结果是相对可靠的.由此,菌渣的施用提高了稻田土壤水稳性大团聚体中碳、氮的含量,其是改善土壤团粒结构,提高稻田土壤生产力的有效措施.
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