从康德“三大批判”认识音乐美的本质

摘要

康德的《纯粹理性批判》、《实践理性批判》和《判断力批判》提出了应当尊重人类认识的感性领域、应当与哲学中研究理性事务的完善（真）一样,为研究感性事务的完善（美）开辟道路。用＂想象逻辑＂把必然与本体对立、知性与理性对立、知识与信仰对立;用知、情、意探讨人类在怎样一种条件下感知事物的美和完善,提出＂纯粹美＂（形式美）和＂依存美＂（自由美）的判断原则;用＂反思判断＂的情感形式逻辑,将音乐推到自由情感艺术的最高位,为音乐的＂自律论＂与＂他律论＂注入深刻内涵,开辟了现代音乐研究的新领域。%The three monographs Critique of Sheer Reason,Critique of Reason Based on Practice and Critique of Judgment written by Kant make a conclusion that the perceptual field of cognition should be respected and the research on the perceptual perfect is like the one on the rational perfect in philosophy.The imagination logic makes the opposites of necessity and ontology,understanding and reason,knowledge and belief.The critics try to find the condition under which the beauty and perfect of a thing is sensed with knowledge,feeling and meaning and put forward the principles of ＂sheer beauty＂（form beauty） and ＂dependent beauty＂（freedom beauty）,and the inference that the feeling logic puts the free feeling art of music on the highest degree gives a deep connotation of musical autonomy and heteronomy and also it blazes a new trial for the modern music study.