短期培训对手术室护理人员术中压疮护理管理的影响

摘要

目的 分析短期培训对手术室护理人员术中压疮认知和预防术中压疮护理行为的影响.方法 2016年1至3月为改进前,开展手术2078例. 2016年4月至12月为改进后,共接收患者4928例. 2016年4月进行1次短期培训,提高手术室护理人员等于压疮管理的知信行水平.短期培训内容包括理论知识、技能、质量管理.结果 1个月后,手术室护士压疮概念、发生机制以及手术室危险因素、压疮基本预防策略、压疮预防策略质量管理,合计评分高于培训前,差异有统计学意义(P＜0. 05).培训后,护士术前阅读braden评分、预防药物与材料应用、手术台预热、手术体位微调、气液预热情况,以及医师对护士配合默契程度满意率高于培训前,差异有统计学意义(P＜0. 05).改进前手术室压疮发生率0. 27%,高危患者压疮发生率10. 53%;改进后压疮发生率、高危患者压疮发生率均为0. 0%.改进后手术室压疮高危患者检出率高于第一季度,差异有统计学意义(P＜0. 05).结论 短期培训明显提高了手术室护士压疮护理知信行水平,降低了手术压疮发生风险.%Objective To analyze the effect of short-term training on the cognition of pressure sore during operation and the prevention of nursing behavior of pressure sore during operation. Methods The first three months of 2016 as the prophase of improvement,during which a total of 2078 operations were performed. A total of 4928 patients were admitted after improvement from April to October in 2016. In April 2016,a short-term training was conducted to improve the level of knowledge and practice of pres-sure sore management among nurses in operating room. Short-term training includes theoretical knowledge,skills,and quality man-agement. Results One month later,the total score of the concept,mechanism and risk factors of pressure sore,the basic prevention strategy,and the quality management of prevention strategy of nurses in operating room were higher than those before training,sta-tistically significant(P＜0. 05). After training,the nurses reading braden scores before operation,use of preventive drugs and mate-rials,preheating the operating table,adjusting the posture of the operation,preheating the air and liquid,and the satisfaction rate of doctors to nurses' cooperation with each other were higher than those before training,and the difference was statistically significant (P＜0. 05). Before improvement,the incidence of pressure sores in the operation room was 0. 27%,and the incidence of pressure sores in high-risk patients was 10. 53%;After improvement,the incidence of pressure sores and the incidence of pressure sores in high-risk patients were both 0. 0%. After improvement,the detection rate of pressure sores in high-risk patients in operation room was higher than that in the first quarter,and the difference was statistically significant(P＜0. 05). Conclusion Short-term train-ing significantly improved the nursing knowledge and practice level of operating room nurses,and it reduced the risk of operation pressure sore.