山东省及周边地区肉鸭源大肠杆菌流行病学调查及耐药性分析

摘要

为建立鸭大肠杆菌快速鉴定及药敏检测方法,筛选合适的抗生素,本试验从山东省12个、河北4个及河南4个地区养殖场或养殖小区采集到447份疑似感染鸭大肠杆菌的肉鸭肝脏和脑部组织病料,共分离到300株大肠杆菌,分离率为67.11％.利用大肠杆菌phoA基因为目的基因,建立了PCR快速鉴定鸭源大肠杆菌的方法.该PCR检测方法可快速鉴定鸭源大肠杆菌,鉴定效率显著提高.根据美国临床和实验室标准协会(Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute,CLSI)标准及琼脂稀释法药敏试验原理,建立了96点接种药敏检测盒快速检测方法,结果表明:硫酸多粘菌素、甲磺酸培氟沙星抑菌率相对较高;卡那霉素、氨苄西林、氟苯尼考抑菌率相对较低.根据药敏检测结果可快速筛选适用的敏感药物和剂量,并交替轮流使用抗生素.%This study was aimed to establish the methods for rapid separation and identification of Escherichia coli from ducks and drug susceptibility test,and screen proper antibiotics.We collected 447 histological materials including livers and brains from ducks with suspected coli bacillosis from 12 districts or cities of Shandong Province,4 cities of Hebei Provice and 4 cities of Henan Province.Based on the phoA gene,a PCR method was established for rapidly identifying Escherichia coli from ducks.By this method,300 strains of Escherichia coli were identified with the isolation rate as 67.11％.This PCR method could be used to rapidly identify Escherichia coli from ducks,and the identification efficiency was significantly improved.According to the standard of the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) and agar dilution method,the rapid detection method of 96 array antimicrobial susceptibility test was established.The results showed that the anti-bacterial rate of polymyxin sulfate and pefloxacin mesylate were higher,while that of kanamycin,ampicillin and florfenicol were relatively lower.So the optimal sensitive drugs and doses could be screened out according to the drug sensitivity test results,and the antibiotics could be used alternately.