固定矫治器矫治过程中患者口腔卫生状况的临床对照研究

摘要

目的：对进行固定正畸矫治的患者各口腔卫生状况进行前瞻性的临床对照研究，以便更有效地监控、指导患者口腔卫生维护。方法：将采用固定矫治器治疗的正畸患者48例作为实验组，按其应用的矫治器的不同再分为 MBT 组和自锁组；将不行正畸治疗的26例作为对照组。指导各组个体以 BASS 刷牙法维护口腔卫生，以牙齿洁治后7d 为 T1时间点，此后1月、3月为 T2、T3时间点，检查每个研究个体的上下牙列各个牙齿颊侧的软垢指数（DI），比较分析各组患者软垢指数的差异性。结果：对照组个体口内牙齿的软垢指数在各时间点均没有明显的差异性（P＞0．05）；固定矫治患者除上颌侧切牙、尖牙，下颌前牙出现软垢指数在 T2、T3时间点较 T1时间点明显增多的情况（P＜0．05），其余牙齿均未出现明显的软垢增多情况。在各时间点，MBT 托槽与自锁托槽的正畸患者各个牙位的软垢指数均没有明显的差异性。结论：应用 BASS 刷牙法能够使固定矫治的患者除上颌侧切牙、尖牙、下颌前牙外大部分牙齿维持好的卫生状态。对于上颌侧切牙、尖牙，下颌前牙在矫治过程中重点监控。%Objective:To assess oral hygiene condition in fixed orthodontic patients ,in order to guide oral hygiene maintenance .Methods :26 people without orthodontic treatment were selected as control group .48 patients undergoing orthodontic treatment were chosen as experimental group ,which were divided into self‐ligating bracket and MBT bracket groups .All the subjects were guided to use BASS technique to maintain oral hygiene .The debris on the buccal area of teeth was examined seven days (T1) after scaling and one month (T2)and three months (T3) latter .The DI differences between groups were analyzed .Results :For the orthodontic patients ,it was found that there were significant higher DI values in upper lateral incisors and canines and mandibular anterior teeth of ortho ‐dontic treated patients at T 2 and T3 time ,compared with T1 time (P < 0 .05) .No DI significant difference was found among all the three recording times for the other teeth in orthodontic patients ,which was the same situation for all the teeth of the individuals without orthodontic treatment (P> 0 .05) .There were no significant DI difference between patients with self‐ligating brackets and MBT brackets (P > 0 .05) at every examining time .Conclusion :BASS technique is effective to maintain oral hygiene .For the orthodontic patients ,the teeth could be keeped in good hygenie condition except upper lateral incisors and canines and mandibular anterior teeth .More attention should be paid to hygiene of upper lateral incisors and canines and mandibular anterior teeth during orthodontic treatment .