A field survey and germination experiments of the soil seed bank were conducted in communities of 15-year restoration, 30-year restoration and primary monsoon broad-leaved evergreen forest in Puer city, Yunnan, China. We investigated basic characteristics and dynamics of the soil seed bank and its relation to the above-ground vegetation. The results showed that 1 667 seeds germinated in all soil samples, and they belonged to 76 species in 65 genera and 30 families. Total seed density of the 15-year restoration community was (361 ±69. 87) seeds·m , and was significantly higher than that in primary forest ( 142. 5 ± 27. 5) seeds·m-2 and 30-year restoration community ( 108. 33 ± 30. 01 ) seeds·m-2 . Shannon-Wiener index of the 30-year restoration forest was significantly higher than that of the 15-year restoration and primary forest. Species composition changes of the soil seed bank reflect seed survival strategies and community structure. Herbaceous species were main components in 3 community types. Seed density of annual herb in the 15-year restoration community was significantly higher than that of the 30-year restoration community. The similarity coefficient between soil seed bank and above-ground vegetation of the 15-year and 30-year restoration community was higher than that of primary forest. Herb layer contributed more to species composition of soil seed bank than tree layer. However, the seedling bank was mainly composed of tree species.%通过对云南普洱地区季风常绿阔叶林原始林、恢复15年及30年群落的野外调查及土壤种子库的萌发试验,探讨其土壤种子库的基本特征、变化规律及与地上植被的关系.结果表明:试验中共有1 667粒种子萌发,分属30科65属76种；恢复15年群落土壤种子库密度最高,每m2达(361 ±69.87)粒,原始林次之,为(142.5 ±27.5)粒,恢复30年群落最低,为(108.33±30.01)粒；恢复30年群落土壤种子库多样性最高.种子生存策略与群落结构是土壤种子库物种组成变化的主要原因,3种群落类型土壤种子库生活型主要由草本植物组成,恢复15年群落中1年生草本植物种子密度要显著高于恢复30年群落.恢复15年与30年群落土壤种子库与地上植被相似性系数要高于原始林群落；草本层对土壤种子库物种组成的影响要高于乔木层,幼苗库物种组成则与乔木层联系更加紧密.
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