柘树植物酵素中氨基酸分析及抗氧化性能研究

摘要

In the study,Jiaosu of Cudrania tricuspidata the fruit,flower and leave were made respectively,according to the traditional fermentation process of plant Jiaosu.The amino acid type,content and antioxidant activity were studied.The results showed that the three kinds of Jiaosu were rich in amino acids,total amino acids were 12.667,2.870,1.198 mg/mL respectively.The ratio of essential amino acids to total amino acids were 32.8％,32.9％ and 40.0％ respectively,and the ratio coefficients were 54.31,31.65 and 46.49,the Jiaosu of Cudrania tricuspidata fruit had higher nutritional value.The main amino acids of the three kinds of Jiaosu were aspartic acid,serine,glutamic acid,glycine,alanine,valine,isoleucine,leucine and lysine sour,cysteine and methionine content were minimal.Antioxidant capacity of the three Jiaosu were very strong,of which the Jiaosu of Cudrania tricuspidata fruit had better antioxidant activity than that of Jiaosu of Cudrania tricuspidata flower and leave,and ABTS free radical scavenging ability,DPPH free radical scavenging ability,hydroxyl radical scavenging ability and reducing power all showed concentration dependency.There was a positive correlation between amino acid content and antioxidant activity,especially Asp,Glu,Ala,His,Arg and Pro which had a significant positive correlations with reducing power (r ＞0.99).The reducing power could be used to evaluate the antioxidant properties of Cudrania tricuspidata Jiaosu.%分别以柘树的小青果、花、叶为原料,按植物酵素传统发酵工艺制得柘树小青果酵素、柘树花酵素和柘树叶酵素,研究其氨基酸种类、含量以及抗氧化性能.结果表明:三种酵素的氨基酸含量丰富,总氨基酸含量分别为12.667、2.870、1.198 mg/mL,人体必需氨基酸占总氨基酸比例分别为32.8％、32.9％、40.0％,比值系数分别为54.31、31.65、46.49,柘树小青果酵素具有更高的营养价值,三种酵素主要的氨基酸为天冬氨酸、丝氨酸、谷氨酸、甘氨酸、丙氨酸、缬氨酸、异亮氨酸、亮氨酸和赖氨酸,半胱氨酸和蛋氨酸含量极少.三种酵素的抗氧化能力都很强,其中柘树小青果酵素抗氧化性能均优于柘树花酵素和柘树叶酵素,且ABTS自由基清除能力、DPPH自由基清除能力、羟基自由基清除能力和还原力均表现出了浓度依赖性.氨基酸含量与抗氧化性能具有正相关性,尤其是天冬氨酸(Asp)、谷氨酸(Glu)、丙氨酸(Ala)、组氨酸(His)、精氨酸(Arg)和脯氨酸(Pro)这六种主要氨基酸含量与还原力具有显著的正相关性(r＞0.99),可以利用还原力来评价柘树植物酵素的抗氧化性能.