Objective:To observe the curative effect of the treatment of occult blood loss of prima-ry osteoarthritis after the knee surface replacement for the ifrst time with tranexamic acid injection.Methods:92 cases undergoing primary single knee replacement were randomly and equally divided into a treatment group and a control group.The treatment group were given an intra-articular injection of tranexamic acid injection (600 mg·6 mL-1) before wound healing and the control group were given a joint cavity injection of sodium chloride injection (6 mL) with 0.9%of the quality score.Drainage tube was detained routinely after operation and closed for 3 hours;opened the drainage tube then to detect the HCT,circumference and diameter of the affect-ed limb,and the dominant amount of blood loss.Calculated the total blood loss and occult blood loss,comparing their results.Both lower limbs were examined by ultrasonography after 7 days’ operation.Results:In the treatment group,the total blood loss and the change of circumference and diameter of the affected limb had no signiifcant difference before and after treatment (P>0.05);the total blood loss and the occult blood loss were both less than those of the control group (P<0.05);there were no thrombosis for all the patients.Conclusion:Timely and effective dose of tranexamic acid injection could obviously reduce the occult blood loss of knee joint replacement for the ifrst time and reduce the amount of blood transfusion and transfusion rate,having no obvious effects on the formation of deep venous thrombosis of lower extremity after operation.%目的：观察运用氨甲环酸注射液治疗原发性骨关节炎首次单膝关节表面置换后隐性失血的疗效。方法：将92例初次单膝关节置换患者随机分为治疗组和对照组，每组46例。治疗组在完成手术闭合创口前，关节腔注射600 mg·6 mL-1氨甲环酸注射液，对照组关节腔注射质量分数0.9%氯化钠注射液6 mL，术后常规留置引流管，夹闭引流管3 h；后打开引流管，测量术后红细胞压积、患肢周径、显性失血量；分别计算总失血量和隐性失血量，对比计算结果。所有患者术后7d行双下肢彩超检查。结果：治疗组的总失血量、患肢周径变化比较，差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）；总失血显量、隐性失血量均小于对照组（P<0.05）。所有患者均无血栓形成。结论：氨甲环酸注射液的及时有效剂量用药，能够明显减少初次膝关节置换术后隐性失血量，同时减少输血量和输血率，对术后下肢深静脉血栓的形成无明显影响。
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