“三阶一体”学生创新能力系统培养与实践

摘要

针对大学生科技实践活动中存在的盲目性选题、课题的非持续性研究、创新应用与创业实践承接不畅的问题,研究提出了面向本科生开展的“三阶一体”创新能力系统培养方案.构建了“集中培训、分类体验”为一阶、“专项研究、多元创新”为二阶、“实践应用、创业运作”为三阶的能力培养进阶模式,以及“产学研用”为“一体”的创新创业实践体系,设立了以学生为主体、教师为主导的专项科技活动工作室,形成了有组织、成系统、自运行、够规模的学生科技课题研究动态稳定团队,建立了长效性运作承接机制,实践了改革措施,培养了一批具备开展一定程度实践性研究工作基本素养和实施创业基本能力的成员,为大学生创新创业能力培养、实验中心团队建设积累了经验并提供了可行参考.%The systematic scheme named "three steps in one" was proposed for students' innovative ability cultivation,it was suitable for students to solve some problems in scientific and technology practices,such as blindness of topic selection,non-sustainable research of subject and poor connection between innovative application and entrepreneurial practice." Centralized trainings and classification experiments" is the first step," special researches and multivariate innovations" is the second step,and " practice applications and entrepreneurship operations" is the third step.The three steps combine with an innovation and entrepreneurship practice system which includes industry-study-research-application.Scientific and technical studios that students are the main part and teachers play the leading roles have been established.Dynamic stability teams for project researches have also been formed.These teams have characteristics of self-organization,and self-operation,their working mechanism is also established.As a result,a group of talents which own the practice research and entrepreneurship implementation abilities have been cultivated.It can provide experiences and feasible references for talent cultivation.